India's biogas program

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) of India has extended the National Bioenergy Programme from 2021-2022 to 2025-2026. The program's objectives include setting up biogas plants for clean cooking, lighting, and thermal and small power needs. The program also aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve sanitation, and create rural employment.

  • Biogas; a promising renewable alternative for natural gas with similar applications
  • AD process is accompanied with several environmental advantages compared with incineration, landfilling, and composting.
  • Recent developments in metagenomics techniques have provided valuable tools to achieve improved AD process.

The upgrading section of the plant can consist of a 2 or 3 stage membrane system, whereby CO2 and biomethane are separated into concentrated gas streams for final processing.

Features

Here are some features of biogas:

Burning

Biogas burns with a blue flame at a temperature of 800 °C.

  • Ignition temperature: Biogas has an ignition temperature of around 700°C.
  • Flame temperature: Biogas burns with a blue flame that can reach temperatures of 800–870°C. The flame color can be more reddish if cow dung or goat manure is used as a starter.
  • Air requirements: Biogas requires less air for combustion than other gases.

Biogas Energy source

Heating and cooking: Biogas that has been cleaned up and upgraded to natural gas standards can be used for cooking and heating.

  • Fueling vehicles: Compressed biogas can be used as a vehicle fuel.
  • Generating electricity: Biogas can be used to run heat engines in waste management facilities to generate mechanical or electrical power.

    • BioGas Collection

    Biogas can be collected from a variety of sources, including landfills, livestock manure, and wastewater treatment plants. The biogas is then stored and used as an energy source for cooking, heat, or electricity production.